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Lesson 9 Control an RGB LED by PWM

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Overview

In this lesson, we will program the Arduino for RGB LED control, and make RGB LED emits various colors


Components

- 1 * Arduino UNO

- 1 * USB Cable

- 1 * RGB LED

- 3* 220Ω Resistor

- 1 * Breadboard

- Several jumper wires


Principle

RGB LEDs consist of three LEDs: red, green and blue. These three colored LEDs are capable of producing any color. Tri-color LEDs with red, green, and blue emitters, in general using a four-wire connection with one common lead (anode or cathode).

a.jpgb.jpg


What we use in this experiment is a common anode RGB LED. The longest pin is the common anode of the three LEDs. The pin is connected to the +5V pin of the Arduino, and the rest pins are connected to pin D9, D10, and D11 of the Arduino with a current limiting resistor between.


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In this way, we can control the color of an RGB LED by 3-channel PWM signals.


Procedures

Step 1: Build the circuit

d.png



Step 2: Program

_09_rgbLed.ino

/***********************************************************
File name: 09_rgbLed.ino
Description:Control the RGB LED emitting red, green, blue, yellow,
            white and purple light, then the RGB LED will be off,
            each state continues 1s, after repeating the above 
            procedure.   
Website: www.adeept.com
E-mail: support@adeept.com
Author: Tom
Date: 2015/05/02 
*************************************************************/
int redPin = 11;   // R petal on RGB LED module connected to digital pin 11 
int greenPin = 10; // G petal on RGB LED module connected to digital pin 9 
int bluePin = 9;   // B petal on RGB LED module connected to digital pin 10 
void setup()    
{   
   pinMode(redPin, OUTPUT);   // sets the redPin to be an output 
   pinMode(greenPin, OUTPUT); // sets the greenPin to be an output 
   pinMode(bluePin, OUTPUT);  // sets the bluePin to be an output 
}    
void loop()  // run over and over again  
{    
    // Basic colors:  
    color(255, 0, 0); // turn the RGB LED red  
    delay(1000);      // delay for 1 second  
    color(0,255, 0);  // turn the RGB LED green  
    delay(1000);      // delay for 1 second  
    color(0, 0, 255); // turn the RGB LED blue
    delay(1000);      // delay for 1 second  
  
    // Example blended colors:  
    color(255,255,0);   // turn the RGB LED yellow   
    delay(1000);        // delay for 1 second  
    color(255,255,255); // turn the RGB LED white  
    delay(1000);        // delay for 1 second  
    color(128,0,255);   // turn the RGB LED purple  
     delay(1000);       // delay for 1 second  
     color(0,0,0);      // turn the RGB LED off  
     delay(1000);       // delay for 1 second  
}     
     
void color (unsigned char red, unsigned char green, unsigned char blue)// the color generating function  
{    
     analogWrite(redPin, 255-red);     // PWM signal output   
     analogWrite(greenPin, 255-green); // PWM signal output
     analogWrite(bluePin, 255-blue);   // PWM signal output
}

Step 3: Compile the program and upload to Arduino UNO board

Now, you can see the RGB LED flash red, green, blue, yellow, white and purple light, and then go out. Each state lasts for 1s each time, and the LED flashes colors repeatedly in such sequence.

e.jpg